Laparoscopic Colon & Rectal Surgery

Treatment Overview

Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat colon and rectal cancers, depending on their location and how far they have advanced. At the Providence Swedish Cancer Institute, our leading-edge technology allows your surgeon to remove tumors or sections of your colon and repair the colon wall precisely and accurately.

During the procedure, your surgeon makes a few small incisions and inserts specialized instruments, including a high-definition camera that provides a magnified view inside your body. The images are displayed on a monitor, guiding your surgeon through tumor or tissue removal and any repairs to the colon wall where the tumor was, if needed.

Compared to traditional surgery, which uses one large incision, laparoscopic surgery offers several benefits: smaller incisions may lead to less pain, reduced blood loss, and a faster recovery.

What to Expect

At the Providence Swedish Cancer Institute, we’ll guide you through the planning stages of your laparoscopic surgery through to discharge, recovery, and future treatment if needed. Your care team is here to support your physical healing, emotional well-being, and personal goals, so you can move forward with confidence.

About a week before surgery, we'll schedule a pre-admission visit to:

Assist with any remaining pre-surgical lab work or tests
Review what will happen during your surgery
Explain potential side effects
Discuss medications and post-surgery care, including in-home help or equipment if needed

You'll receive information to prepare for your hospital admission. If you have any questions after your pre-admission appointment, you can reach out to your nurse or care coordinator, who will be happy to help.

Laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery is an inpatient procedure. Most people stay in the hospital for 3 to 5 days, but it may be longer depending on how complex the surgery is. Before you can go home, your care team needs to know that you’re able to eat, pass gas or have a bowel movement, and move around on your own. They will give you instructions on managing your pain, monitoring your recovery, and what you can do and what you should avoid, like lifting or strenuous activity, as you heal.

One of the biggest benefits of having laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery is that you’ll spend less time in the hospital than you would if you had traditional surgery. You’ll likely also have less pain, a lower risk of infection, and less scarring than traditional open surgery. A shorter recovery time means being able to return to your regular activities faster, which can make a difference for your peace of mind.

As with any surgery, there are risks, including:

Infection
Bleeding
Delayed wound healing
Scarring
Leaking in the intestinal wall where the repair was made
Injury to nearby organs
Blood clots
Bowel obstruction

Your care team will talk with you about these risks, answer your questions, and help you make an informed decision that aligns with your goals.

You’ll have several follow-up appointments after your procedure for the first few weeks. This helps us monitor your healing and manage any complications. As time goes on, your appointments will be less frequent, but regular checkups are required so that we can continue to manage any of your ongoing treatment needs and watch for any signs of recurrence.

Services are also available to help you through every treatment stage.

Learn more about our supportive care services.

Frequently Asked Questions

Laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery is a minimally invasive procedure. Unlike traditional surgery, where surgeons make large incisions to better access your tumor or organs, laparoscopic surgery requires just a few quarter- to half-inch incisions for surgeons to insert their instruments. These long-handled tools are more precise and can reach areas that might be awkward by hand, making their work more exact.

Because patients have smaller incisions, this typically means less pain, fewer complications, and faster healing post-surgery. 

Whether you’re a candidate for laparoscopic surgery depends on your diagnosis and cancer type. For example, if your surgeon needs to perform several procedures, such as removing more than one section of the bowel, open surgery might be more appropriate. 

Your surgeon will talk to you about your options, your goals, and what is right for your particular situation. Together, you’ll decide if laparoscopic surgery is the right approach for your care.

If you’ve had bowel surgery, it’s important that your care team knows that you can pass gas or have bowel movements before your discharge, because this means that your bowels have started working again. Sometimes the anesthetic, the surgery itself, or the pain medications you take after surgery can slow down how your bowels move. If they aren’t moving well, there could be complications, like nausea, vomiting, constipation, and perhaps bowel blockage, which are better addressed before you leave the hospital.

Recovery time from laparoscopic surgery is typically faster than traditional surgeries, and most people can return to their usual activities within a few weeks. For the first few days, you might feel sore and fatigued. Your care team will advise you about what you should and shouldn’t do as you heal, like lifting heavy objects or doing strenuous activities. It’s important to take your time and listen to your body. Your care team will check on you about your progress, and you can talk to them if you experience any problems.

Most people can return to their normal diet after their colon or rectal surgery, but not immediately. Right after surgery, you’ll start with fluids, then soft foods, and gradually more foods that are part of your regular diet. Your care team will talk to you about what you can eat when you get home and what you should avoid — for example, high-fiber foods can be irritating to the colon, beans can cause gas and bloating, and high-fat foods can cause diarrhea. Your care team might also advise you to avoid large meals to avoid discomfort or bloating while you heal.

This surgery can affect bowel function, depending on the type and location of the procedure. If your surgery involves the upper part of your colon, you may experience looser or more frequent bowel movements for a few weeks, which often improves over time. If the surgery was closer to or involves the rectum, you may have temporary difficulty with bowel control, including urgency or increased frequency. In some cases, changes in bowel function may be long-lasting. Your care team will work with you on strategies to manage these symptoms and support your recovery.